Mandela

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a atomic number 16 African anti-apartheid revolutionary, politician, and philanthropist who served as President ot southerly Africa trom 1994 to 1999. He was south Africas first black primary(prenominal) executive, and the first elected In a fully delegate democratic election. HIS government focused on dismantling the legacy of apartheid through tackling Institutionalized racism, pauperization and Inequality, and fostering racial reconciliation. Politically an African nationalistic and democratic socialist, he served as President of the African National Congress from 1991 to 1997.Internationally, Mandela was Secretary General of the Non-Aligned style from 1998 to 1999. A Xhosa born to the Thembu royal family, Mandela attended the Fort Hare University and the University of Witwatersrand, where he studied law. Living in Johannesburg, he became pertain in anti-colonial politics, breaking the ANC and becoming a founding member of its Youth League. later on the South African National Party came to power in 1948, he rose to prominence in the ANCs 1952 Defiance Campaign, was appointed superintendent of the organizations Transvaal chapter nd presided over the 1955 Congress of the People.Working as a lawyer, he was repeatedly arrested tor seditious activities and, with the ANC leadership, was unsuccessfully prosecuted In the Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961 Although Initially committed to non-violent protest, he co-founded the militant umkhontowe Slzwe In 1961, In association with the South African Communist Party, leading a sabotage campaign against the apartheid government. In 1962, he was arrested, convicted of conspiracy to overthrow the state, and sentenced to life Imprisonment in the RivoniaTrial. c Mandela served over 27 long time in prison, Initially on Robben Island, and later in Pollsmoor Prison and Victor Verster Prison. An international campaign lobbied for his release. He was released in 1990, during a time of escalat ing civil strife. Mandela joined negotiations with President F. W. de Klerk to abolish apartheid and establish multiracial elections in 1994, in which he led the ANC to victory and became South Africas first black president. He published his memoir in 1995.During his enure in the Government of National unity he invited several other political parties to join the cabinet. As agreed to during the negotiations to end apartheid In South Africa, he promulgated a new constitution. He also created the Truth and Reconciliation Commission to investigate past human rights abuses. While continuing the author governments liberal economic policy, his administration also Introduced measures to encourage land reform, combat poverty, and expand healthcare services. Internationally, he acted as mediator between Libya and the unitedKingdom in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial, and oversaw military hinderance In Lesotho. He declined to run for a second term, and was succeeded by his deputy, Thabo Mbeki. Mandela became an elder statesman, focusing on openhearted work in combating poverty and HIWAIDS through the Nelson Mandela Foundation. mandela By ericJang politician, and philanthropist who served as President of South Africa from 1994 to 1999. He was South Africas first black chief executive, and the first elected in a fully representative democratic election.His government focused on dismantling the egacy of apartheid through tackling institutionalized racism, poverty and inequality, Johannesburg, he became involved in anti-colonial politics, Joining the ANC and repeatedly arrested for seditious activities and, with the ANC leadership, was unsuccessfully prosecuted in the Treason Trial from 1956 to 1961. Although initially committed to non-violent protest, he co-founded the militant Umkhonto we Sizwe in 1961, in association with the South African Communist Party, leading a sabotage conspiracy to overthrow the state, and sentenced to life imprisonment in the RivoniaTrial. c Mandela served over 27 historic period in prison, initially on Robben Island, and later in tenure in the Government of National accordance he invited several other political parties to Join the cabinet. As agreed to during the negotiations to end apartheid in South the former governments liberal economic policy, his administration also introduced services. Internationally, he acted as mediator between Libya and the get together Kingdom in the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial, and oversaw military intervention in combating poverty and HIV/AIDS through the Nelson Mandela Foundation.